Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that develops within the prostate gland, which sits below the bladder and surrounds the urethra. It is one of the most common cancers in men, ranging from slow-growing tumors that cause few symptoms to more aggressive forms that can spread beyond the prostate. Many cases are detected early through PSA blood testing or imaging performed for urinary symptoms or other concerns.
What is it?
Prostate cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the prostate grow uncontrollably. Tumors may remain confined to the prostate for long periods or grow more aggressively and spread to nearby tissues, lymph nodes, or bones. Many prostate cancers are discovered because of elevated PSA levels, while others are found during imaging or evaluation for urinary symptoms.
MRI is one of the most important tools for detecting prostate cancer, assessing tumor location, and determining whether the cancer has spread beyond the prostate capsule. If imaging suggests concerning features, a targeted biopsy may be recommended.
Important to Know
Not all prostate cancers require immediate treatment. Slow-growing tumors may be safely monitored with active surveillance, which includes periodic imaging, PSA testing, and repeat biopsy when needed. More aggressive cancers often require a combination of treatments tailored to the individual.
Red flag symptoms include new or worsening urinary problems, blood in urine or semen, unexplained weight loss, back or bone pain, or swelling in the legs. These may suggest advanced disease and warrant prompt evaluation. Follow-up imaging is important for staging and monitoring response to treatment.