Pelvic Kidney
A pelvic kidney is a congenital condition in which one kidney fails to move into its usual position in the upper abdomen during fetal development and instead remains in the pelvis. Many people with a pelvic kidney have normal kidney function and no symptoms, and the condition is often discovered incidentally on imaging. However, a pelvic kidney may be more prone to urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or obstruction due to its lower position and altered drainage.
What is it?
A pelvic kidney occurs when the kidney does not ascend into the abdomen during fetal development and instead remains lower in the pelvis. The kidney may be rotated differently than usual, and the ureter may drain at an unusual angle, which can affect urine flow. Despite its abnormal position, many pelvic kidneys function normally and cause no problems.
Imaging—especially CT or MRI—helps confirm the location of the kidney, assess for rotational differences, and evaluate surrounding structures. Ultrasound is often used for initial detection but may have limitations in fully visualizing the kidney’s orientation and drainage.
Important to Know
Most people with a pelvic kidney live healthy, normal lives without symptoms. However, altered drainage and positioning can increase the risk of certain complications. Children and adults with repeated urinary infections or kidney stones may require closer monitoring.
Red flag symptoms include severe flank or pelvic pain, fever, frequent urinary infections, blood in the urine, or difficulty urinating. These may indicate obstruction or infection and require prompt medical evaluation. Follow-up imaging may be recommended to monitor kidney function or detect complications early.