Ovarian Tumor
An ovarian tumor is an abnormal growth that develops on or within an ovary. These tumors can be benign, borderline (low malignant potential), or malignant. Benign tumors are much more common and often cause no symptoms, while malignant tumors may present with bloating, pelvic pain, or changes in menstruation. Early ovarian cancer can be subtle, making imaging and clinical evaluation extremely important.
What is it?
An ovarian tumor is an abnormal mass that can arise from various types of ovarian tissue. Benign tumors include cystadenomas, dermoid tumors (teratomas), and fibromas. Borderline tumors have low malignant potential, while malignant ovarian cancers may spread beyond the ovary. Symptoms vary widely and may not appear until tumors grow large or affect surrounding organs.
Ultrasound is the first-line imaging method for characterizing ovarian tumors, helping determine whether the mass contains solid areas, nodules, or complex components that raise concern. MRI provides detailed tissue information when needed, while CT is often used for staging if cancer is suspected.
Important to Know
Most ovarian tumors are benign, especially in younger individuals. However, malignant ovarian tumors can progress silently and may not cause symptoms until advanced. Imaging characteristics, age, blood tests, and clinical history all help assess risk. Early detection improves treatment options and outcomes.
Red flag symptoms include persistent bloating, early fullness, worsening pelvic pain, sudden severe pain (suggesting torsion or rupture), or unexplained weight loss. These should prompt evaluation. Follow-up imaging or referral to a specialist may be recommended depending on tumor type and imaging features.