Nabothian Cyst
A nabothian cyst is a small, benign cyst that forms on the surface of the cervix. These cysts develop when mucus-producing glands become covered by skin-like cells, trapping mucus inside. Nabothian cysts are extremely common, harmless, and typically discovered incidentally during pelvic imaging or gynecologic exams. They rarely cause symptoms, though very large cysts may occasionally create pressure or discomfort.
What is it?
A nabothian cyst forms when the normal glandular openings on the cervix become blocked and fill with mucus. These cysts range from a few millimeters to several centimeters, though larger ones are uncommon. They are benign and do not increase the risk of cancer or infection.
Imaging—especially ultrasound—shows a smooth, round, fluid-filled structure within or on the surface of the cervix. MRI can provide additional detail when needed, such as distinguishing a large nabothian cyst from other cervical abnormalities.
Important to Know
Nabothian cysts are harmless and typically do not require treatment. Most remain stable or resolve on their own. Very large cysts may occasionally cause pelvic pressure or discomfort, and in those cases, a clinician may drain or remove the cyst if needed.
Red flag symptoms such as abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain, or unusual discharge are not typically caused by nabothian cysts and should prompt evaluation for other possible conditions.