Hemorrhagic Cyst (Ovarian, Kidney)
A hemorrhagic cyst is a cyst that has bled internally. These can occur in the ovaries—often as part of the normal menstrual cycle—or within the kidneys. While hemorrhagic ovarian cysts are common and usually benign, hemorrhagic kidney cysts may occur from trauma, infection, or underlying cystic disease. Most hemorrhagic cysts resolve on their own, but some may cause pain or require follow-up imaging.
What is it?
A hemorrhagic cyst forms when a blood vessel inside a cyst breaks and blood collects within it. In the ovary, this often happens when a functional cyst—like a follicular or corpus luteum cyst—bleeds. These cysts may appear complex on imaging but typically resolve on their own.
In the kidney, hemorrhagic cysts may arise from simple cysts that bleed due to trauma, infection, or vascular changes. They may look complex on imaging, which sometimes requires follow-up to ensure they are benign.
Ultrasound, CT, or MRI can show internal blood products, septations, or clot material inside the cyst. Radiologists assess these features to differentiate hemorrhagic cysts from cystic tumors or infections.
Important to Know
Most hemorrhagic ovarian cysts resolve within weeks to a few months. Kidney cysts that bleed also often stabilize, but complex features may require follow-up to rule out other causes. Pain is the most common symptom and may be sudden if bleeding is significant.
Red flag symptoms include sudden severe pelvic or flank pain, fever, dizziness or fainting (possible significant bleeding), or persistent symptoms that do not improve. Follow-up imaging is often recommended to confirm resolution or stability.