Fatty Liver / Hepatic Steatosis
Fatty liver, also called hepatic steatosis, occurs when excess fat accumulates within the liver cells. This buildup can be related to alcohol use, metabolic conditions such as obesity or diabetes, certain medications, or other underlying health issues. Many people have no symptoms, but fatty liver can progress in some cases, affecting liver function and leading to inflammation or scarring.
What is it?
Fatty liver disease develops when more than 5% of liver cells contain accumulated fat. This can occur for many reasons, including metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, alcohol use, rapid weight changes, or certain medications. Fat can build up gradually and may not cause noticeable symptoms for years.
Imaging helps detect and measure liver fat, showing a characteristic appearance on ultrasound, CT, or MRI. Radiologists also look for signs of inflammation or scarring, which can signal more advanced stages such as steatohepatitis or fibrosis.
Important to Know
Fatty liver alone is often reversible with lifestyle changes, but chronic inflammation can lead to more serious conditions such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or cirrhosis. Early identification helps prevent progression. People with risk factors—such as obesity, diabetes, or heavy alcohol use—should follow medical guidance closely.
Red flag symptoms include jaundice, severe fatigue, persistent abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, or swelling in the legs or abdomen, which may indicate worsening liver disease. Follow-up imaging or blood tests may be recommended to monitor changes in liver fat or assess response to treatment.