Diverticular Disease / Diverticulosis
Diverticulosis refers to small pouches, called diverticula, that form in the wall of the colon. These pouches are common, especially with age, and often cause no symptoms. When these pouches become inflamed or infected, the condition is called diverticulitis, which can cause pain and complications. Imaging helps distinguish between uncomplicated diverticulosis and more serious forms of diverticular disease.
What is it?
Diverticulosis occurs when small, bulging pouches form in weak areas of the colon wall. These pouches are especially common in the sigmoid colon. Many people with diverticulosis have no symptoms, but some may experience bloating, constipation, or mild abdominal discomfort. When a pouch becomes blocked or inflamed, diverticulitis can occur, leading to pain, fever, or infection.
CT imaging is often used to evaluate abdominal pain and can clearly show diverticula, inflammation, or complications such as abscesses. Imaging helps determine whether symptoms are due to uncomplicated diverticulosis or a more serious issue that requires treatment.
Important to Know
Most people with diverticulosis will never develop complications. However, diet, hydration, and bowel habits can influence symptoms. Diverticulitis—an infection or inflammation of the pouches—requires prompt medical evaluation and may require medication or, in severe cases, hospitalization.
Red flag symptoms include severe abdominal pain (especially left lower side), fever, vomiting, rectal bleeding, or symptoms that worsen quickly. CT scans help identify complications such as abscess, perforation, or obstruction. Follow-up imaging or colonoscopy may be recommended depending on the severity and pattern of symptoms.