Bladder Wall Thickening
Bladder wall thickening refers to an increase in the thickness of the bladder wall seen on imaging. This finding can occur for many reasons—some benign and others potentially serious. Causes include bladder outlet obstruction, chronic inflammation or infection, bladder stones, tumors, or conditions affecting how the bladder fills and empties. Because it has multiple possible explanations, bladder wall thickening is considered a broad imaging finding rather than a diagnosis on its own.
What is it?
Bladder wall thickening occurs when the bladder muscle or lining becomes enlarged or more prominent on imaging. This can happen from repeated pressure or strain—such as when the bladder works harder to push urine past an obstruction—or from inflammation and irritation. Infections, bladder stones, long-standing urinary obstruction, or chronic bladder inflammation can all lead to a thicker bladder wall.
Imaging helps determine whether thickening is generalized throughout the bladder or limited to one area, which can help distinguish between causes. Radiologists also assess for bladder stones, residual urine after emptying, or associated findings such as enlarged prostate or urethral narrowing.
Important to Know
Bladder wall thickening is not a disease but a sign of an underlying issue. Long-term obstruction or inflammation can weaken bladder function and increase the risk of urinary retention or infections. Identifying and treating the underlying cause helps prevent complications and improve symptoms.
Red flag symptoms include inability to urinate, fever, blood in the urine, severe pelvic pain, or repeated urinary infections. These may indicate obstruction, infection, or another serious condition requiring prompt evaluation. Follow-up imaging or cystoscopy may be recommended to explore the cause further.